Linux command
pg_dump 命令
文件
涉及管道、覆盖或删除，执行前请先确认路径和参数。
常用示例
Dump a database
pg_dump [database_name] > [backup.sql]
Dump with compression
pg_dump -Fc [database_name] > [backup.dump]
Dump specific table
pg_dump -t [table_name] [database_name] > [table.sql]
Dump schema only
pg_dump -s [database_name] > [schema.sql]
Dump data only
pg_dump -a [database_name] > [data.sql]
Dump with connection parameters
pg_dump -h [host] -p [5432] -U [username] [database_name] > [backup.sql]
Dump in directory format
pg_dump -Fd -j [4] [database_name] -f [backup_dir]
Dump excluding table
pg_dump --exclude-table=[pattern] [database_name] > [backup.sql]
说明
pg_dump is a utility for backing up PostgreSQL databases. It creates a consistent snapshot of the database at the time the dump begins, even while the database is being used. The output can be in SQL script format (plain text) or custom archive formats that support compression and parallel restore. SQL scripts can be restored with psql, while archive formats use pg_restore. pg_dump does not block readers or writers during the dump, making it suitable for production backups.
参数
- -F _format_
- Output format (p=plain, c=custom, d=directory, t=tar).
- -f _file_
- Output file or directory.
- -t _table_
- Dump specific table(s).
- -T _table_
- Exclude table(s).
- -n _schema_
- Dump specific schema(s).
- -N _schema_
- Exclude schema(s).
- -s, --schema-only
- Dump schema only, no data.
- -a, --data-only
- Dump data only, no schema.
- -c, --clean
- Include DROP commands.
- -C, --create
- Include CREATE DATABASE command.
- -j _jobs_
- Parallel dump jobs (directory format).
- -h _host_
- Database server host.
- -p _port_
- Database server port.
- -U _user_
- Connect as user.
- -W
- Force password prompt.
- -Z _level_
- Compression level (0-9).
FAQ
What is the pg_dump command used for?
pg_dump is a utility for backing up PostgreSQL databases. It creates a consistent snapshot of the database at the time the dump begins, even while the database is being used. The output can be in SQL script format (plain text) or custom archive formats that support compression and parallel restore. SQL scripts can be restored with psql, while archive formats use pg_restore. pg_dump does not block readers or writers during the dump, making it suitable for production backups.
How do I run a basic pg_dump example?
Run `pg_dump [database_name] > [backup.sql]` in a terminal, then adjust file names, paths, flags, or remote targets for your system.
What does -F _format_ do in pg_dump?
Output format (p=plain, c=custom, d=directory, t=tar).