packer 命令

常用示例

说明

Packer is HashiCorp's tool for creating machine images across multiple platforms from a single source configuration. It automates image building for AWS, Azure, GCP, Docker, VMware, and many other platforms. Templates define builders (where to create images), provisioners (how to configure them), and post-processors (what to do with finished images). Modern templates use HCL format (.pkr.hcl), though JSON is still supported. Builders create the initial machine instance. Examples include amazon-ebs for AWS AMIs, azure-arm for Azure images, and docker for containers. Each builder handles platform-specific details. Provisioners run after the machine boots: shell scripts, Ansible, Chef, Puppet, or file uploads configure the image. Multiple provisioners run in sequence, building up the configuration. Post-processors handle finished images: upload to registries, compress, or create Vagrant boxes. Images can be distributed to multiple regions or clouds.

参数

build

Build image from template.

validate

Check template syntax.

init

Install required plugins.

fmt

Format template files.

inspect

Show template components.

console

Interactive HCL console.

-var _key=value_

Set variable value.

-var-file _file_

Variable definitions file.

-only _name_

Build only specified builders.

-except _name_

Skip specified builders.

-force

Force build, overwriting existing.

-on-error _ACTION_

Action on error: cleanup, abort, ask, run-cleanup-provisioner.

-debug

Debug mode with breakpoints.

-parallel-builds _N_

Parallel build limit.

-timestamp-ui

Add timestamps to UI output.